Tones:
Low (L) and High (H)
Pitch accent:
1. Initial high pattern = H-L-L-L
In this pattern, the first syllable is high pitched, with subsequent syllables having a relatively lower pitch. This pattern only includes words beginning with an initial high-pitched syllable (in other words, with an acute accent marked on the first syllable).
For example: Shinliyae — psychology
Konkonchitso — bus station
2. Middle high pattern = L-H-L-L
The most common of the three, this pattern begins with a low-pitched initial syllable, followed by a higher-pitched second syllable, with the third and subsequent syllables having a lower pitch again. This pattern includes all words with the first syllable being long and low pitched; as well as short syllables with voiceless initial consonants.
For example: Aodaliya — Australia
Budaociu — wine
Neubanyou — boyfriend
3. Rear high pattern = L-H-H-H
The least common of the three, this pattern begins with a low pitched initial syllable, subsequent syllables (up to 4 or 5 total) are all high pitched. This pattern is restricted only to words starting with a short syllable that have a voiced or sonorant initial consonant.
For example: Zepennin — Japanese
Niesithin — radiator
 
Pinyin
Consonants

Working orthography	IPA	Example words
b	b	ba
f	f	fa
g	g	ge
h	h	he
k	k	ke
m	m	me
n	n	ne
p	p	pe
s	s	sa
t	t	te
z	z, dz, dʒ	zi

 
Vowels

Working Orthography	IPA	Example Words
a	ae	sa
i	i	yi
u		(n)u (wo)
e	ʌ	te
o	ɒ	ho